Latin Roots & Affixes, Lesson 12

Today's lesson will focus on the prefixes dia, graph, locus, meter and micro as well as the roots cogno, cosm, and cred.

PREFIXES

The prefix dia means "across" or "through". You probably recognize the word diameter.

The prefix graph is very common and means "write" or "record". No doubt you understand the phrase graphic arts and recognize the word telegraph.

The prefix locus means "location". Can you explain the difference between a mobile phone and a Local Area Network (LAN) phone?

The prefix meter means "measure". You are probably familiar with the metric system.

The prefix micro means "small". No doubt you have come across the word microscope.

ROOTS

The root cogno (and its variant gnosci) mean "know". Do you recognize the word recognize?

The root cosm means "universe" or "world". We see this root in the words cosmos and cosmonaut (the Russian equivalent of America’s astronaut). In Russian it is космонавт.

The root cred is very common and means "believe". Information that we can believe is credible.

Exercise

Instructions: Using what you know about these roots and affixes and the context, determine the meaning of the following bold-faced words.

  1. The police could not believe Dr. Jekyl’s incredible😄 The prefix -in means "not". story, so they gave him a polygraph😄 Poly- means "many". test to determine if he had been lying.
  2. Leonard insisted that he is not an atheist; rather, since he cannot know whether God exists or not, he should more appropriately be called an agnostic😄 The prefix a- means "not"..
  3. The teacher asked Momoko and Misato to practice the English dialogue 😄 The root -logue- means "speech".so that they would not have to read the script in front of the class.
  4. Career politicians often become very skilled in circumlocution😄 Around and around... by using ambiguous language and refusing to provide a direct answer.
  5. Yurika seems like an honest girl, so I believe that she will be a credible😄 The bank trusts you to pay your credit card bill. witness for the defense at Dr. Jekyl’s trial.
  6. Dr. Plum told Sofia that the prognosis 😄 The prefix pro- means "forward".was good. He is confident that Sofia will recover from her illness.
  7. The psychiatric tests have been completed and the diagnosis 😄 Did the doctor tell Hyde what she knows now?is that Mr. Hyde has multiple personalities.
  8. Bacteria are forms of microorganisms 😄 You pay more for organically grown vegetables. that can only be seen using a microscope😄 See what I mean?.
  9. Inspector Clouseau went to the party incognito😄 The prefix in-, of course, means "not". hoping that the criminals would not recognize😄 Do you remember what the prefix re- means? him in his disguise.
  10. Before conducting the smog check, the technician checked the odometer 😄 Odo- is from the Greek hodos meaning "way" or "road". in my car and made note of the number of miles in his DMV report.


Check-Up
Select the correct word
for each blank below.

1) I could not talk to him at all. He was _________________ opposed to everything that I believed in.

Wrong
graphically
Right
diametrically
Wrong
locally
Wrong
incredibly


2) If the courts declared him insane, then he was not _________________ of his wrong-doing, right?

Wrong
diagnosed
Wrong
microcontent
Right
cognizant
Wrong
credulous


3) You have to give him ______________. Though he failed, he tried very hard to succeed.

Wrong
credibility
Wrong
metrics
Wrong
parameters
Right
credit


4) Most scientists say that there is ______________ data that would suggest the potential for life on Saturn's moon.

Wrong
microscopic
Right
credible
Wrong
cosmic
Wrong
incredible


5) Einstein's General Theory of Relativity, published in 1905, is generally _________________ as a singular achievement in physics.

Right
recognized
Wrong
diagrammed
Wrong
diagnosed
Wrong
credited


Review Questions:

The North Korean missile launch failed due to yet another ______________.

Wrong
consequence
Right
malfunction
Wrong
superego
Wrong
ambiguity





vocab

Stenographer

✸ The stenographer is typing.

✸ The stenographer is recording the witness' testimony.

vocab

Decapitation

✸ The guillotine decapitated the man's head.

✸ The man was decapitated for his capital crimes.



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